The War for Southern Independence
Research OnLine

by Annie Heloise Abel

"The Civil War was a major event in the lives of southern Indians who had been removed to Indian Territory in the antebellum period. Early attempts to remain neutral crumbled under pressure from their Arkansas and Texas neighbors, clever Confederate diplomacy, and indifference from a United States concerned with more pressing problems. By the fall of 1861, the Cherokees, Chickasaws, Choctaws, Creeks, and Seminoles had signed Confederate treaties and organized military companies to serve as a home guard. Thus the southern Indians became a part of the bloodiest war in United States history.
           "Theda Perdue and Michael D. Green.

Annie Heloise Abel describes the 1862 Battle of Pea Ridge, a bloody disaster for the Confederates but a glorious moment for Colonel Stand Watie and his Cherokee Mounted Rifles. The Indians were soon enough swept by the war into a vortex of confusion and chaos. Abel makes clear that their participation in the conflict brought only devastation to Indian Territory.

Gen. Stand Watie

CONTENTS

I THE BATTLE OF PEA RIDGE, OR ELKHORN AND ITS MORE IMMEDIATE EFFECTS

II LANE'S BRIGADE AND THE INCEPTION OF THE INDIAN

III THE INDIAN REFUGEES IN SOUTHERN KANSAS

IV THE ORGANIZATION OF THE FIRST INDIAN EXPEDITION

V THE MARCH TO TAHLEQUAH AND THE RETROGRADE MOVEMENT OF THE "WHITE AUXILIARY"

VI GENERAL PIKE IN CONTROVERSY WITH GENERAL HINDMAN

VII ORGANIZATION OF THE ARKANSAS AND RED RIVER SUPERINTENDENCY

VIII THE RETIREMENT OF GENERAL PIKE

IX THE REMOVAL OF THE REFUGEES TO THE SAC AND FOX AGENCY

X NEGOTIATIONS WITH UNION INDIANS

XI INDIAN TERRITORY IN 1863, JANUARY TO JUNE INCLUSIVE

XII INDIAN TERRITORY IN 1863, JULY TO DECEMBER INCLUSIVE

XIII ASPECTS, CHIEFLY MILITARY, 1864-1865

APPENDIX

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY

INDEX

The American Indian as Participant in the Civil War - $45.00
CD-ROM - $15.00
Ebook - $12.95

Annie Heloise Abel The American Indian as Participant in the Civil War 403 pgs.	Paperback $45.00	Ebook $12.95 CD-ROM $15.00

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